Peretz I, Morais J
Brain Cogn. 1983 Oct;2(4):313-30. doi: 10.1016/0278-2626(83)90016-7.
In Experiment 1 nonmusicians were presented with dichotic melodies, which differed either on all pitches or by a single note, followed by a set of four binaural melodies. They were asked to recognize among the alternatives only one member of the dichotic pair in the "single-focus" task, and both dichotic melodies in the "double-focus" task. These different attention requirements led to a LEA in the first task which contrasted with the REA observed in the other task when melodies differed by all pitches. A possible confounding (fusion of the common pitches) prevents comparison of the tasks for melodies differing by a single pitch. The role of the extent of melody differences was further investigated in a second experiment by changing melodies on one, two, or three notes. No effect of material was observed on ear asymmetries. Task demands appeared as the most critical determinant of ear differences and are discussed in terms of their particular influence on the adoption of an analytic or holistic processing mode. Male subjects were found to be more responsive than females to analytic processing suggestions.
在实验1中，向非音乐家呈现了双耳旋律，这些旋律要么在所有音高上不同，要么只在一个音符上不同，随后是一组四首双耳旋律。在“单聚焦”任务中，要求他们从备选旋律中识别出双耳对中的仅一个成员，而在“双聚焦”任务中则要识别出双耳对中的两个旋律。当旋律在所有音高上不同时，这些不同的注意力要求导致第一个任务中出现左耳优势，这与在另一个任务中观察到的右耳优势形成对比。一种可能的混淆因素（共同音高的融合）使得无法对仅在一个音高上不同的旋律的任务进行比较。在第二个实验中，通过改变一个、两个或三个音符的旋律，进一步研究了旋律差异程度的作用。未观察到材料对耳不对称性有影响。任务要求似乎是耳差异的最关键决定因素，并根据它们对采用分析或整体处理模式的特定影响进行了讨论。发现男性受试者比女性受试者对分析处理建议更敏感。
