Robertson B
Eur J Anaesthesiol. 1984 Dec;1(4):335-43.
Animal experiments and clinical trials have shown that the neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) can be treated effectively by surfactant replacement via the airways. This treatment facilitates the resorption of fetal pulmonary fluid, promotes uniform air expansion of the lungs, enhances gas exchange, reduces the protein leak across the alveolar epithelium, and prevents the development of bronchiolar epithelial lesions during artificial ventilation. Data from recent animal experiments indicate that surfactant replacement prevents epithelial lung lesions also during high frequency ventilation. Surfactant replacement restores blood gases to normal in adult experimental animals with severe respiratory insufficiency induced by repeated lung lavage, suggesting that this type of treatment might be effective in clinical adult RDS.
动物实验和临床试验表明，通过气道进行表面活性剂替代可有效治疗新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征（RDS）。这种治疗有助于胎儿肺液的吸收，促进肺的均匀充气，增强气体交换，减少肺泡上皮的蛋白质渗漏，并防止人工通气期间细支气管上皮病变的发生。最近动物实验的数据表明，表面活性剂替代在高频通气期间也可预防肺上皮病变。表面活性剂替代可使因反复肺灌洗导致严重呼吸功能不全的成年实验动物的血气恢复正常，这表明这种治疗方法可能对临床成人RDS有效。
