Needleman H L
Acta Psychiatr Scand Suppl. 1983;303:26-37. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0447.1983.tb00939.x.
Over 3,000 children attending first and second grade in public school were classified as to past lead exposure according to the concentrations of lead in their teeth. Those in the highest and lowest deciles for lead were evaluated by a broad panel of neuropsychologic outcome measures. Controlled either by matching or analysis of covariance were 39 other variables which could effect outcome. High lead children were significantly impaired on IQ auditory processing and reaction time under varying intervals of delay. Teacher's rating scales showed a dose-related increase in non-adaptive classroom behavior with no evidence of a threshold. EEG scores and observations of children in class demonstrated differences in high and low lead subjects.
根据公立学校一年级和二年级的3000多名儿童牙齿中的铅浓度，对他们过去的铅暴露情况进行了分类。根据一系列广泛的神经心理学结果测量指标，对铅含量处于最高和最低十分位数的儿童进行了评估。通过匹配或协方差分析控制了其他39个可能影响结果的变量。高铅儿童在不同延迟间隔下的智商、听觉处理和反应时间方面明显受损。教师评定量表显示，非适应性课堂行为与剂量相关增加，且没有阈值证据。脑电图分数和课堂上对儿童的观察表明，高铅组和低铅组儿童存在差异。
