Stoichiometry and role of GTP hydrolysis in bovine neurotubule assembly.

A method is given for preparing tubulin with 1 mol of exchangeably bound [gamma-32P]GTP/mol of 6 S dimer. Bovine tubulin is shown to hydrolyze 1 mol of GTP/mol of 6 S dimer added to assembling microtubules at 37 degrees. Hydrolysis and assembly occur at the same rate and to the same extent. When microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs) are removed, both hydrolysis and assembly fail to occur. Readdition of the MAPs restores both activities. Tubulin with exchangeable GDP will co-assemble with GTP.tubulin even at equimolar levels. Exchangeability is demonstrated by pulse-chase experiments with GDP or GTP. GDP is also a potent inhibitor of assembly under these conditions, and the rate of assembly is reduced by 50% at 10 micron GDP. One mole of inorganic phosphate is released to the solvent per mole of exchangeable GTP hydrolyzed. An assembly mechanism is proposed in which exchangeable GTP is hydrolyzed without intermediate transphosphorylation of nonexchangeable GDP.