Ozelci A, Romsos D R, Leveille G A
J Nutr. 1978 Jul;108(7):1128-36. doi: 10.1093/jn/108.7.1128.
Rats weighing 110 to 150 g or 250 g initially were utilized in five experiments to determine the effect of the form of the diet (dry versus liquid) and the pattern of feeding (meal-feeding, force-feeding, nibbling, or ad libitum) on body weight gain and on body fat. A high-carbohydrate, 20% casein or 20% lactalbumin diet was fed for 4 to 8 weeks. Consumption of a diet mixed with an equal weight of water increased weight gain in one of three experiments. Body fat content of the rats was not influenced by addition of water to the diet. Neither force-feeding nor meal-feeding influenced body fat gain provided the respective control rats were pair-fed during the initial adaptation period. Likewise, when rats were pair force-fed to ad libitum fed rats without an initial adaptation meal frequency did not influence body fat gain. When meal-fed rats were switched to ad libitum intake their food intake increased to equal that of rats which had been continuously fed ad libitum; however, the rats which had been switched gained more body fat than did rats continuously fed ad libitum. These results suggest that meal frequency may have a minimal influence on body fat accumulation, but that a shift to a higher level of food intake may cause an increased food efficiency and greater rate of fat deposition than in rats continuously fed the higher level of intake.
最初体重为110至150克或250克的大鼠被用于五项实验，以确定饮食形式（干食与流食）和喂食模式（分餐喂食、强制喂食、少量进食或自由采食）对体重增加和体脂的影响。给予高碳水化合物、20%酪蛋白或20%乳白蛋白的饮食，持续4至8周。在三项实验中的一项中，食用与等重水混合的饮食增加了体重增加。给饮食中添加水对大鼠的体脂含量没有影响。如果在初始适应期对相应的对照大鼠进行配对喂食，强制喂食和分餐喂食都不会影响体脂增加。同样，当将大鼠配对强制喂食与自由采食的大鼠相比，且没有初始适应时，进食频率不会影响体脂增加。当分餐喂食的大鼠改为自由采食时，它们的食物摄入量增加到与一直自由采食的大鼠相等；然而，改为自由采食的大鼠比一直自由采食的大鼠获得了更多的体脂。这些结果表明，进食频率可能对体脂积累影响最小，但与一直以较高摄入量进食的大鼠相比，转向更高水平的食物摄入量可能会导致食物效率提高和脂肪沉积速率加快。
