Elsborg L, Nielsen J A, Bertram U, Helms P, Nielsen K, Rosenquist A
Int J Vitam Nutr Res. 1983;53(3):321-9.
In 403 elderly people residing in their own homes a dietary interview was undertaken with special reference to the intakes of vitamins and minerals. The group was randomly selected. The data were compared with the Recommended Dietary Allowances, Joint Nordic Recommendations and the absolute minimal necessary amounts. Intakes of folacin was low in 100% of the interviewed, intakes of cholecalciferol was low in 62% and in 83% intakes of pyridoxine was low as compared to the recommendations. The majority had sufficient amounts of ascorbic acid, thiamine, riboflavin, retinol and cobalamin from the diet. The intake of zinc was low in 87% of the interviewed, but risk of zinc deficiency might only be present in 0.5%. The intakes of iron and calcium was judged to be sufficient. The physiological needs of the elderly may, however, vary from the standards used here and recommendations with special reference to the elderly are in request. The conclusion is that the diet of the elderly, possibly with exception of folacin, is well above their absolute minimal requirements, but the margin towards malnutrition is small. This means that elderly people should be considered a vulnerable group with respect to the intakes of vitamins and minerals.
对403名居家老年人进行了饮食访谈，特别关注维生素和矿物质的摄入量。该组是随机选取的。将数据与推荐膳食摄入量、北欧联合推荐量以及绝对最低必需量进行了比较。与推荐量相比，100%的受访者叶酸摄入量低，62%的受访者胆钙化醇摄入量低，83%的受访者吡哆醇摄入量低。大多数人从饮食中摄入了足够量的抗坏血酸、硫胺素、核黄素、视黄醇和钴胺素。87%的受访者锌摄入量低，但锌缺乏风险可能仅为0.5%。铁和钙的摄入量被认为是足够的。然而，老年人的生理需求可能与这里使用的标准不同，因此需要有特别针对老年人的推荐。结论是，老年人的饮食，可能叶酸除外，远高于他们的绝对最低需求，但接近营养不良的幅度很小。这意味着在维生素和矿物质摄入方面，老年人应被视为弱势群体。
