Symmonds R E
Postgrad Med. 1983 Nov;74(5):183-90. doi: 10.1080/00325481.1983.11698504.
Morbid obesity is a serious and sometimes lethal disease of unknown etiology. Nonsurgical treatment has not been successful in producing permanent weight loss. Surgical treatment does reliably result in weight loss but is not a cure and is not indicated for all morbidly obese patients. Jejunoileal bypass, the first operation devised for morbid obesity, usually produces excellent weight loss but has high rates of morbidity and mortality. For this reason, it is not currently advised by most surgeons. Gastric bypass reduces morbidity and mortality without compromising weight loss; however, it is technically more difficult than jejunoileal bypass. The newest operations for morbid obesity are variations of gastroplasty. If correctly performed, they will produce satisfactory weight loss with the lowest morbidity rates of all the operations for morbid obesity. However, long-term results for these procedures are not yet available. Therefore, the ideal operative procedure for morbid obesity has yet to be identified.
病态肥胖是一种病因不明的严重疾病，有时甚至会危及生命。非手术治疗未能成功实现永久性体重减轻。手术治疗确实能可靠地导致体重减轻，但并非治愈方法，也并非适用于所有病态肥胖患者。空肠回肠分流术是最早为病态肥胖设计的手术，通常能显著减轻体重，但发病率和死亡率较高。因此，目前大多数外科医生不建议采用这种方法。胃旁路手术在不影响体重减轻的情况下降低了发病率和死亡率；然而，它在技术上比空肠回肠分流术更困难。最新的病态肥胖手术是胃成形术的变体。如果操作得当，它们将在所有病态肥胖手术中以最低的发病率实现令人满意的体重减轻。然而，这些手术的长期效果尚未可知。因此，尚未确定治疗病态肥胖的理想手术方法。
