Lerman J, Robinson S, Willis M M, Gregory G A
Anesthesiology. 1983 Nov;59(5):421-4. doi: 10.1097/00000542-198311000-00010.
In a previous study, the authors found that infants, in the first 6 months of life, required the highest minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) of any age group (1.09% halothane). Because only two neonates (0-31 days of age) were included in the original study and because profound depression of blood pressure and heart rate have been reported in neonates, the authors determined 1) whether the MAC of halothane in neonates (n = 12) differs from that in infants (1-6 months of age) (n = 12) and 2) whether the blood pressure and heart rate responses in neonates differ from those in infants at approximately 1 MAC. The authors found that the MAC of halothane in neonates, 0.87% +/- 0.03 SEM, was significantly lower (P less than 0.01) than that in infants, 1.20% +/- 0.06 SEM. With induction of anesthesia, the systolic blood pressure decreased 23% in neonates (P less than 0.05) and 34% in infants (P less than 0.005) from awake values. Similarly, the heart rate decreased 12% in neonates and 22% in infants (P less than 0.05). The incidence of hypotension (greater than 30% decrease in systolic blood pressure from awake) in neonates, 33%, was not significantly different from that in infants, 44%. The authors conclude that the MAC of halothane in neonates is 25% less than that in infants and significantly less than was thought previously. The MAC in infants is the highest of any age group. The decrease in blood pressure and the incidence of hypotension in neonates are similar to those in infants at approximately 1 MAC of halothane.
在先前的一项研究中，作者发现，在生命的头6个月中，婴儿所需的最低肺泡浓度（MAC）在所有年龄组中是最高的（氟烷为1.09%）。由于原始研究仅纳入了两名新生儿（0至31日龄），且有报道称新生儿会出现严重的血压和心率降低，作者决定：1）确定新生儿（n = 12）的氟烷MAC是否与婴儿（1至6个月龄）（n = 12）的不同；2）确定在大约1 MAC时，新生儿的血压和心率反应是否与婴儿不同。作者发现，新生儿的氟烷MAC为0.87%±0.03 SEM，显著低于婴儿的1.20%±0.06 SEM（P < 0.01）。麻醉诱导后，新生儿的收缩压从清醒时的值下降了23%（P < 0.05），婴儿下降了34%（P < 0.005）。同样，新生儿的心率下降了12%，婴儿下降了22%（P < 0.05）。新生儿低血压（收缩压较清醒时下降超过30%）的发生率为33%，与婴儿的44%无显著差异。作者得出结论，新生儿的氟烷MAC比婴儿低25%，且显著低于先前的认知。婴儿的MAC在所有年龄组中是最高的。在大约1 MAC的氟烷时，新生儿的血压下降和低血压发生率与婴儿相似。
