Prusov A N, Zatsepina O V, Fais D
Cell Biol Int Rep. 1983 Oct;7(10):849-58. doi: 10.1016/0309-1651(83)90189-3.
The structure of chromatin of rat hepatocyte nuclei has been studied. At low ionic strength (20-50) chromatin in isolated nuclei, depending on the concentration of MgCl2 in the solution (0-2 and 4-5 mM), may be present in two states, respectively, diffuse and condensed. The major structural component of the nuclei with condensed chromatin is globular structures 100 nm in diameter, i.e. chromomers. By treating chromomer-containing nuclei with heparin and dextransulfate (polyanions/DNA equal 1), one can isolate rosette-like structures having an electron-dense core and numerous loops (the number loops in the rosette, 15-30, total length of all the loops, 15-20 micrometers, core diameter, 30-60 nm). The action of endogeneous nuclease on the nuclei and DNase I (but not RNase) on the rosette results in the break-down of the loops. Pronase or higher concentrations of polyanions (polyanions/DNA equal 4) induces partial or total decondensation of the rosette core and unfolding of the loops into a continuous linear structure. Rosette structures are not isolated from nuclei with diffuse chromatin. Rosette structures are discussed in terms of the known levels of the organization of chromatin.
对大鼠肝细胞核染色质的结构进行了研究。在低离子强度（20 - 50）下，分离细胞核中的染色质，根据溶液中MgCl2的浓度（0 - 2和4 - 5 mM），可能分别以两种状态存在，即弥散态和凝聚态。具有凝聚染色质的细胞核的主要结构成分是直径为100 nm的球状结构，即染色粒。用肝素和硫酸葡聚糖（聚阴离子/DNA等于1）处理含有染色粒的细胞核，可以分离出具有电子致密核心和许多环的玫瑰花结样结构（玫瑰花结中环的数量为15 - 30个，所有环的总长度为15 - 20微米，核心直径为30 - 60 nm）。内源性核酸酶对细胞核的作用以及DNase I（而非RNase）对玫瑰花结的作用会导致环的断裂。链霉蛋白酶或更高浓度的聚阴离子（聚阴离子/DNA等于4）会诱导玫瑰花结核心部分或完全解聚，环展开成连续的线性结构。未从具有弥散染色质的细胞核中分离出玫瑰花结结构。根据已知的染色质组织水平对玫瑰花结结构进行了讨论。
