Lukefahr S, Hohenboken W D, Cheeke P R, Patton N M
J Anim Sci. 1983 Nov;57(5):1100-7. doi: 10.2527/jas1983.5751100x.
Two hundred twenty-five lactation and litter performance records from 82 does representing four genetic groups and two diets were analyzed to quantify breed, heterosis, reciprocal F1 cross and diet effects for milk production and associative traits. Doe genetic groups were New Zealand White (NN) and Californian (CC) straightbred and Californian X New Zealand White (CN) and New Zealand White X Californian (NC) reciprocal crossbreds. Pelleted diets fed to does and litters were either a commercial control or a 74% alfalfa diet. Three sire breeds of litters included NN, CC and Flemish Giant (FG) straightbreds. Doe genetic group and diet were important sources of variation (P less than .05) for all traits examined except for litter milk efficiency (litter gain/milk intake) and doe feed efficiency (milk yield/feed intake). The sire breed of litter effect did not influence (P greater than .05) lactational performance of does nor associative preweaning traits. Straightbred NN does were heavier at kindling, yielded more milk, reared a heavier litter by 21 d and were more efficient in converting feed into milk than were straightbred CC does (P less than .01). Significant heterosis was detected for milk production and for litter size and weight at 21 d. Reciprocal differences between crossbred doe groups were observed (P less than .05) for litter milk efficiency and doe feed intake. The 74% alfalfa diet was superior to the commercial control diet for effects on milk production and litter size and weight at 21 d, although doe feed intake was increased.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
对来自82只母兔的225条泌乳和产仔性能记录进行了分析，这些母兔代表四个遗传组和两种日粮，目的是量化品种、杂种优势、正反交F1代杂交以及日粮对产奶量和相关性状的影响。母兔遗传组包括新西兰白兔（NN）和加利福尼亚兔（CC）纯种，以及加利福尼亚兔×新西兰白兔（CN）和新西兰白兔×加利福尼亚兔（NC）正反交杂种。喂给母兔和仔兔的颗粒日粮要么是商业对照日粮，要么是74%苜蓿日粮。仔兔的三个父本品种包括NN、CC和弗拉芒巨兔（FG）纯种。除了仔兔乳效率（仔兔增重/乳摄入量）和母兔饲料效率（产奶量/饲料摄入量）外，母兔遗传组和日粮是所有检测性状变异的重要来源（P小于0.05）。仔兔的父本品种效应不影响（P大于0.05）母兔的泌乳性能和断奶前相关性状。纯种NN母兔在产仔时体重更重，产奶量更高，到21日龄时哺育的仔兔更重，并且在将饲料转化为乳汁方面比纯种CC母兔更高效（P小于0.01）。在产奶量、21日龄时的窝仔数和体重方面检测到显著的杂种优势。在仔兔乳效率和母兔采食量方面，观察到杂交母兔组之间的正反交差异（P小于0.05）。74%苜蓿日粮在对产奶量、21日龄时的窝仔数和体重的影响方面优于商业对照日粮，尽管母兔采食量有所增加。（摘要截于250字）
