Benbow C P, Stanley J C
Science. 1983 Dec 2;222(4627):1029-31. doi: 10.1126/science.6648516.
Almost 40,000 selected seventh-grade students from the Middle Atlantic region of the United States took the College Board Scholastic Aptitude Test as part of the Johns Hopkins regional talent search in 1980, 1981, and 1982. A separate nationwide talent search was conducted in which any student under age 13 who was willing to take the test was eligible. The results obtained by both procedures establish that by age 13 a large sex difference in mathematical reasoning ability exists and that it is especially pronounced at the high end of the distribution: among students who scored greater than or equal to 700, boys outnumbered girls 13 to 1. Some hypothesized explanations of such differences were not supported by the data.
1980年、1981年和1982年，来自美国中大西洋地区的近40000名入选七年级学生参加了大学理事会学术能力测试，作为约翰·霍普金斯地区人才选拔的一部分。同时还进行了一项单独的全国性人才选拔，任何13岁以下愿意参加测试的学生都符合条件。通过这两种方式获得的结果表明，到13岁时，数学推理能力存在巨大的性别差异，并且在分布的高端尤为明显：在得分大于或等于700分的学生中，男生与女生的比例为13比1。数据并不支持对此类差异的一些假设性解释。
