Metter D
Z Rechtsmed. 1983;91(1):21-32. doi: 10.1007/BF01882445.
Investigations of clues in 87 fatal pedestrian-car accidents which took place with erect posture of the body are reported. Traces of paint proved to be most important clues transferred from the vehicle to the pedestrian's clothing. They derived from the outer paint layer of the collision sites at the front of the vehicle and occurred in 49% of the cases investigated. As has been shown by light and scanning electron microscopic investigations, there is intensive contact between the textile fibers and the paint traces which can be explained by action of heat in the collision. The higher the collision speed, the more readily paint is rubbed off. Because traces of rubbed off paint mark the site of the vehicle impact and indicate the color of the vehicle, they have a high evidence value for reconstruction of the accident. This also applies to traces of molten plastic material as well as to rubbed off chrome and rubber. In contrast to the prevalent view, paint splitters are unsuitable for determining the impact direction. Textile microtraces, traces of blood, hair and tissue occur as transferred clues from the pedestrian to the vehicle. These clues do not permit any statements with regard to the impact direction. They must be evaluated in connection with the remaining clues and the injuries.
报告了对87起行人身体直立时发生的致命行人与汽车事故线索的调查。油漆痕迹被证明是从车辆转移到行人衣物上的最重要线索。它们源自车辆前部碰撞部位的外层漆层，在所调查的案例中占49%。正如光学和扫描电子显微镜研究所示，纺织纤维与油漆痕迹之间存在紧密接触，这可以通过碰撞中的热作用来解释。碰撞速度越高，油漆越容易被擦掉。由于擦掉的油漆痕迹标记了车辆撞击的位置并显示了车辆的颜色，它们对事故重建具有很高的证据价值。这也适用于熔融塑料材料的痕迹以及擦掉的镀铬和橡胶痕迹。与普遍观点相反，油漆碎片不适用于确定撞击方向。纺织微痕迹、血迹、毛发和组织痕迹是从行人转移到车辆上的线索。这些线索无法对撞击方向作出任何说明。必须结合其他线索和伤势对它们进行评估。
