The Sertoli cell junctional complex: structure and permeability to filipin in the neonatal and adult guinea pig.

The development and maintenance of the Sertoli cell junctional complex were investigated in prepubertal and adult guinea pigs. To correlate the structure of the blood-testis barrier with its permeability, the polyene antibiotic filipin (a cholesterol-binding agent of low molecular weight: 570.70) was added to the fixative as a tracer visible in freeze-fracture replicas. Discontinuous zonules, intermediate junctions (i.e., adhering fasciae) and gap junctions all proved permeable to filipin in the two age groups. Only the continuous occluding zonules characteristic of the adult guinea pig's testis were impermeable to the tracer. In pubertal animals, the establishment of the blood-testis barrier coincided with the completion of the junctional strands in occluding zonules. The formation of occluding zonules was similar in the newborn and the adult. In the adult, the Sertoli cell junctional complexes contained three types of cell junctions: occluding, adhering, and gap junctions. The sequence of occluding and adhering junctions from the base to the apex of the epithelium was the reverse of that demonstrated in most epithelia. The impermeable continuous occluding zonules at the base showed parallel patterns of uninterrupted junctional strands, whereas the permeable discontinuous zonules found higher in the epithelium showed a meandering pattern of broken strands. Our observations indicate that (1) Sertoli cell junctional complexes form near the young germinal cells at the base of the seminiferous epithelium and break down near the older germinal cells toward the apex; (2) the various patterns and orientations of the junctional strands reflect, respectively, the different stages of disintegration of the occluding zonules and the conformation of the mature Sertoli cell to the irregular contours of the germinal cells; (3) there is no relationship between permeability and junctional strand orientation; and (4) the cellular contacts between Sertoli cells and germinal cells situated below the blood-testis barrier may represent the early stages of formation of junctional elements which ultimately become incorporated into the Sertoli cell junctional complex.