Friedman L I, Hardwick R A, Daniels J R, Stromberg R R, Ciarkowski A A
Artif Organs. 1983 Nov;7(4):435-42. doi: 10.1111/j.1525-1594.1983.tb04223.x.
Commercial flat-sheet microporous membranes were evaluated for potential use in plasmapheresis with a specially designed filtration module. Significant differences in filtration rates were observed with different membranes. Saline filtration data were not useful in predicting the capacity of the membranes to filter plasma from whole blood. For all membranes studied, no rejection of plasma proteins was detected. No activation or deactivation of clotting factors was detected as a result of filtration. In addition, little or no hemolysis was caused by filtration with the various membranes. Saline, cell-free plasma, platelet-poor plasma, and whole blood were perfused over a track-etched membrane and the resulting filtration rates were compared. The cell-free plasma filtration rate decreased significantly with time, probably owing primarily to protein adsorption in the membrane pores. Cell-free plasma and saline filtration data were used to calculate an apparent adsorbed layer thickness in the membrane pores. Perfusion of platelet-poor plasma and whole blood resulted in time-dependent filtration rates that were much lower than those obtained when cell-free plasma was perfused. Results of the study support recent theoretical models that postulate that the rate-limiting process for blood filtration is the formation of a layer of blood cells (particle polarization) on the membrane surface.
使用专门设计的过滤模块对商用平板微孔膜在血浆置换中的潜在用途进行了评估。观察到不同膜的过滤速率存在显著差异。盐水过滤数据对于预测膜从全血中过滤血浆的能力并无帮助。在所研究的所有膜中，均未检测到血浆蛋白的截留。过滤过程未导致凝血因子的激活或失活。此外，使用各种膜进行过滤几乎未引起溶血或仅引起极少量溶血。将盐水、无细胞血浆、少血小板血浆和全血灌注到径迹蚀刻膜上，并比较所得的过滤速率。无细胞血浆的过滤速率随时间显著下降，这可能主要是由于膜孔中蛋白质的吸附所致。利用无细胞血浆和盐水的过滤数据计算了膜孔中表观吸附层的厚度。少血小板血浆和全血的灌注导致过滤速率随时间变化，且远低于灌注无细胞血浆时获得的速率。该研究结果支持了最近的理论模型，该模型假定血液过滤的限速过程是在膜表面形成一层血细胞（颗粒极化）。
