Schnur D S, Lee D
J Biomed Mater Res. 1983 Nov;17(6):973-91. doi: 10.1002/jbm.820170608.
A variety of acrylic bone cement-metal composite materials were prepared and tested in simple compression at 37 degrees C in order to evaluate the mechanical behavior of these materials for possible use in bone replacement. The stiffness of the composite was of particular concern, and a simple rule of mixture was used to raise the modulus of acrylic bone cement. The reinforcement of the cement was accomplished by titanium and Ti-6Al-4V in different forms, e.g., wire, sheet, wire mesh, and powder. Test results demonstrated that the stiffness of the bone cement could indeed be increased by a desired amount to that of bone. A 16% volume fraction consisting of 25 0.10 cm diam Ti-6Al-4V wires increased the modulus of the bone cement by 380% to a value comparable to the modulus of cortical bone. Titanium sheet was nearly as effective as wires in increasing the modulus of bone cement, while titanium mesh was not a significantly effective reinforcing material. The amount of titanium powder added to the bone cement did not alter the compliance of the matrix material. In addition, as the flow strength increased, the strain to the point of load instability decreased. It was concluded that the extent of stiffening was governed by nonuniform deformation in the metal and the adjacent matrix which could be explained on the basis of geometrical considerations. Some of the limitations of the test results as well as methods of predicting the composite implant material behavior are also outlined.
制备了多种丙烯酸骨水泥-金属复合材料，并在37℃下进行简单压缩测试，以评估这些材料在骨替代方面可能的力学行为。复合材料的刚度尤其受到关注，采用了简单的混合法则来提高丙烯酸骨水泥的模量。通过不同形式的钛和Ti-6Al-4V（如金属丝、薄片、金属丝网和粉末）对骨水泥进行增强。测试结果表明，骨水泥的刚度确实可以按预期提高到与骨相当的水平。由25根直径0.10厘米的Ti-6Al-4V金属丝组成的16%体积分数使骨水泥的模量提高了380%，达到与皮质骨模量相当的值。钛薄片在提高骨水泥模量方面几乎与金属丝一样有效，而钛丝网不是一种显著有效的增强材料。添加到骨水泥中的钛粉量并未改变基体材料的柔顺性。此外，随着流动强度的增加，达到载荷失稳点的应变减小。得出的结论是，增强程度受金属和相邻基体中不均匀变形的控制，这可以基于几何因素来解释。还概述了测试结果的一些局限性以及预测复合植入材料行为的方法。
