Wertheimer J
J Geriatr Psychiatry. 1983;16(2):245-55.
We often observe in advanced age a degree of obsessionalization in behavior, attitudes, and interests. This phenomenon, seemingly the expression of unconscious defense mechanisms, may be explained in various ways: as a consequence of losses related to aging; as regression in the service of the self; as an expression of the "death instinct." Another level of reflection is concerned with the influence of the perception of time. Confronted by the curtailing of one's expectation of life, the aged person may unconsciously yearn for some kind of permanence, designed to conjure away the effect of passing time. We find such a process underlying rigidity, collecting, or hypochondria, which may be regarded as "mechanisms of permanence." These strategies, although constituting for the aged person a defense intended, in fantasy, to preserve life, in reality constitute a trap that excludes life.
我们经常在老年人身上观察到行为、态度和兴趣方面的某种强迫倾向。这种现象看似是无意识防御机制的表现，可能有多种解释：是与衰老相关的损失的结果；是自我服务的退行；是“死亡本能”的一种表达。另一个思考层面涉及时间感知的影响。面对预期寿命的缩短，老年人可能会无意识地渴望某种永恒，以消除时间流逝的影响。我们发现这种过程是僵化、收藏或疑病症的潜在原因，这些可被视为“永恒机制”。这些策略虽然在老年人的幻想中构成一种旨在保护生命的防御，但在现实中却构成了一个排除生命的陷阱。
