Jones A W
Med Biol. 1983;61(6):319-23.
Rats were starved for 15 h before being given 3.0 g/kg of either fructose, glucose or mixed sugars (mainly fructose and glucose) followed 15 min later by 2.0 g/kg ethanol. Control rats were pretreated with 0.9% w/v NaCl. In one series of tests the sugars and the ethanol were given by stomach tube (p.o.) and in another series they were given by intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection. Administration of sugars p.o. impaired absorption of ethanol and led to lower peak blood concentrations: fructose (0.88 mg/ml), glucose (1.21 mg/ml) mixture (1.10 mg/ml) and saline control (1.57 mg/ml). The time to zero blood-ethanol concentrations was shortened after giving the sugars: fructose (339 min), glucose (350 min), mixture (341 min), saline (386 min). Intraperitoneal injection of sugars had no marked effect on i.p. absorption of ethanol or on peak blood concentrations reached, but the time to zero blood ethanol was shortened: fructose (336 min), glucose (361 min), mixture (347 min), and saline (389 min). The blood glucose peak response was highest after pure glucose treatment although after fructose the elevated level was sustained for longer. Ethanol caused a hypoglycemic response in rats given the saline control pretreatment. Fructose p.o. proved the most effective of the sugars in antagonizing blood-ethanol profiles. This resulted from a combined effect of delaying the absorption of ethanol from the gut and accelerating its removal from the blood.
大鼠在给予3.0 g/kg果糖、葡萄糖或混合糖（主要是果糖和葡萄糖）之前禁食15小时，15分钟后给予2.0 g/kg乙醇。对照大鼠用0.9% w/v氯化钠进行预处理。在一系列试验中，糖和乙醇通过胃管（口服）给予，在另一系列试验中，它们通过腹腔内（腹腔注射）注射给予。口服糖会损害乙醇的吸收，并导致较低的血药峰浓度：果糖（0.88 mg/ml）、葡萄糖（1.21 mg/ml）、混合物（1.10 mg/ml）和生理盐水对照（1.57 mg/ml）。给予糖后，血乙醇浓度降至零的时间缩短：果糖（339分钟）、葡萄糖（350分钟）、混合物（341分钟）、生理盐水（386分钟）。腹腔注射糖对腹腔内乙醇的吸收或达到的血药峰浓度没有显著影响，但血乙醇降至零的时间缩短：果糖（336分钟）、葡萄糖（361分钟）、混合物（347分钟）和生理盐水（389分钟）。纯葡萄糖处理后血糖峰值反应最高，尽管果糖处理后升高水平持续时间更长。乙醇在给予生理盐水对照预处理的大鼠中引起低血糖反应。口服果糖被证明是最有效的抗血乙醇曲线的糖。这是由于延迟乙醇从肠道吸收和加速其从血液中清除的联合作用。
