Bliwise D, Seidel W, Greenblatt D J, Dement W
Am J Psychiatry. 1984 Feb;141(2):191-5. doi: 10.1176/ajp.141.2.191.
Trials of hypnotic medications typically determine efficacy by examining changes in polysomnographically recorded sleep and in daytime performance. The authors employed daytime sleepiness as a new, potentially crucial criterion in such trials. Oxazepam and flurazepam were effective in improving some polysomnographically defined measures of nocturnal sleep in 14 patients with chronic insomnia; flurazepam produced substantial daytime sleepiness and oxazepam did not. Oxazepam produced some rebound insomnia, consisting of about an hour's reduction of polysomnographically defined sleep, but without gross mood disturbance or the patients' awareness of sleep loss.
催眠药物的试验通常通过检查多导睡眠图记录的睡眠变化和白天的表现来确定疗效。作者在这类试验中采用白天嗜睡作为一个新的、可能至关重要的标准。奥沙西泮和氟西泮对改善14例慢性失眠患者多导睡眠图定义的夜间睡眠的某些指标有效；氟西泮会导致明显的白天嗜睡，而奥沙西泮则不会。奥沙西泮会引起一些反弹性失眠，表现为多导睡眠图定义的睡眠时间减少约一小时，但没有明显的情绪障碍或患者对睡眠缺失的察觉。
