Banda P W, Quart B D
Res Commun Chem Pathol Pharmacol. 1984 Jan;43(1):127-38.
A previous study with human subjects has shown that a low dose of alcohol, consumed prior to the ingestion of a therapeutic dose of acetaminophen, significantly reduced the excretion of acetaminophen-mercapturic acid. This study suggested that alcohol may be of value as an antidote in cases of acetaminophen overdose, by inhibiting the oxidative metabolism of acetaminophen. The present report describes our results in using alcohol as an antidote for acetaminophen overdose in the mouse model. We have observed that 0.2 ml per animal of 19% alcohol, given at 3 - 4 hours after an LD50 dose of acetaminophen, produced a 24 hour survival of 92%. N Acetyl-cysteine produced 100% survival. Changes in either the dose or timing of the alcohol produced smaller increases in survival (75%), and in no case of alcohol treatment was survival less than control levels (50%). Alcohol thus appears to be an effective antidote for acetaminophen overdose in the mouse model, when given at an appropriate time and dose. It remains to be determined whether these results are applicable to human subjects.
之前一项针对人类受试者的研究表明，在摄入治疗剂量的对乙酰氨基酚之前饮用低剂量酒精，会显著减少对乙酰氨基酚 - 巯基尿酸的排泄。该研究表明，酒精通过抑制对乙酰氨基酚的氧化代谢，可能作为对乙酰氨基酚过量中毒的解毒剂具有一定价值。本报告描述了我们在小鼠模型中使用酒精作为对乙酰氨基酚过量中毒解毒剂的结果。我们观察到，在给予半数致死剂量的对乙酰氨基酚3 - 4小时后，每只动物给予0.2毫升19%的酒精，24小时存活率为92%。N - 乙酰半胱氨酸的存活率为100%。酒精剂量或给药时间的改变使存活率有较小幅度的提高（75%），且在任何酒精治疗情况下，存活率均不低于对照组水平（50%）。因此，在小鼠模型中，当在适当的时间和剂量给予酒精时，它似乎是对乙酰氨基酚过量中毒的一种有效解毒剂。这些结果是否适用于人类受试者仍有待确定。
