Hällström T
Acta Psychiatr Scand. 1984 Jan;69(1):52-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0447.1984.tb04516.x.
In a representative sample of 800 women in Gothenburg, aged 38-54 years, the point prevalence of major depressive episode according to DSM-III criteria was 6.9%. Of these, 2.9% had a melancholic episode and 4.0% a non-melancholic. There was no age difference between the two groups. The episode duration was less than a year in 65% of both groups. Mean age at initial episode was significantly lower in the melancholic (33.3 years) than in the non-melancholic group (38.7). The melancholics presented symptoms of mental disorder before age 20 in 39% of cases as against 18% of the non-melancholics. None of the depressives had had a manic episode. The prevalence rate of 6.9% is of the same magnitude as rates recently found in other industrialized countries when standardized diagnostic criteria are used. The earlier onset of melancholic major depression might be indicative of etiological differences between melancholic and non-melancholic major depression.
在哥德堡选取的800名年龄在38至54岁之间的女性代表性样本中，根据《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第三版（DSM - III）标准，重度抑郁发作的时点患病率为6.9%。其中，2.9%患有 melancholic发作，4.0%患有非melancholic发作。两组之间不存在年龄差异。两组中65%的发作持续时间少于一年。melancholic组首次发作的平均年龄（33.3岁）显著低于非melancholic组（38.7岁）。39%的melancholic患者在20岁之前出现精神障碍症状，而非melancholic患者这一比例为18%。所有抑郁症患者均未出现过躁狂发作。当使用标准化诊断标准时，6.9%的患病率与最近在其他工业化国家发现的患病率相当。melancholic重度抑郁症的较早发病可能表明melancholic和非melancholic重度抑郁症在病因上存在差异。 （注：原文中“melancholic”和“non - melancholic”在医学领域可能有特定专业含义，这里暂保留英文未翻译，需结合具体医学知识确定更准确中文表述）
