Chodoff P
Am J Psychiatry. 1984 Mar;141(3):384-9. doi: 10.1176/ajp.141.3.384.
Conflict exists between medical model and civil liberties approaches to involuntary hospitalization for mental illness. The amassing and analysis of data will not resolve this conflict because the two sides view the problem from differing moral vantage points. Medical model adherents are influenced chiefly by utilitarian or consequentialist considerations, while the civil libertarians take more of a deontological or absolutist position. Opinions about such issues as hospitalization criteria of dangerousness versus medical necessity and the relative role of rights versus obligations and of autonomy versus paternalism can be seen largely to depend on such underlying value judgments. Neither side has a monopoly on truth or right in the question of involuntary hospitalization.
在针对精神疾病的非自愿住院治疗方面，医学模式与公民自由方法之间存在冲突。数据的收集与分析无法解决这一冲突，因为双方是从不同的道德视角来看待这个问题的。医学模式的支持者主要受功利主义或结果主义考量的影响，而公民自由至上主义者则更多地采取义务论或绝对主义的立场。关于诸如危险性与医疗必要性的住院标准，以及权利与义务、自主与家长主义的相对作用等问题的观点，很大程度上可以看出取决于这些潜在的价值判断。在非自愿住院治疗问题上，双方都不垄断真理或正确。
