Jeffery R W, Folsom A R, Luepker R V, Jacobs D R, Gillum R F, Taylor H L, Blackburn H
Am J Public Health. 1984 Apr;74(4):349-52. doi: 10.2105/ajph.74.4.349.
Data from two major surveys, conducted in the Minneapolis-St. Paul metropolitan area in 1973-74 and 1980-81, were used to estimate the prevalence of overweight. In 1980-81, weight history and the prevalence of dieting behaviors were also obtained. The prevalence of overweight was greater in the 1980-81 survey than in 1973-74. Increases were observed in all ages in women, but only in the 40-59 year age ranges in men. In 1980-81, dieting to control weight was widely reported by both sexes, even among those who had never been overweight. Of those who reported having been overweight, approximately one-third reported they had successfully reduced. More men than women reported having been overweight, but more women reported having dieted to lose weight. Formal weight reduction programs were used much more by women than men. Although most dieting attempts consisted of balanced, reduced calorie regimens, a significant percentage were "fad" types, whose nutritional safety may be questioned. Overall, contrary to findings based on clinical populations, weight reducing efforts often appear to be successful. Nevertheless, overweight remains a significant public health problem in this community.
来自于1973 - 1974年和1980 - 1981年在明尼阿波利斯 - 圣保罗大都市地区进行的两项主要调查的数据，被用于估计超重的患病率。在1980 - 1981年，还获取了体重历史和节食行为的患病率。1980 - 1981年调查中超重的患病率高于1973 - 1974年。女性各年龄段的超重患病率均有所上升，但男性仅在40 - 59岁年龄段有上升。在1980 - 1981年，两性都广泛报告为控制体重而节食，即使是在那些从未超重的人群中。在那些报告曾超重的人群中，约三分之一称他们成功减重。报告曾超重的男性多于女性，但报告为减肥而节食的女性多于男性。女性使用正规减肥计划的比例远高于男性。尽管大多数节食尝试包括均衡的低热量饮食方案，但有相当比例是“时尚”型节食，其营养安全性可能受到质疑。总体而言，与基于临床人群的研究结果相反，减肥努力似乎常常是成功的。然而，超重仍是该社区一个重大的公共卫生问题。
