Brink T L, Capri D, de Neeve V, Janakes C, Oliveira C
J Am Geriatr Soc. 1978 Aug;26(8):380-2. doi: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.1978.tb03690.x.
Three of the most common and convenient measures of senile confusion are informal staff ratings, the Face-Hand Test (FHT) and the Mental Status Questionnaire (MSQ). A group of 112 geriatric patients in two extended care facilities, and a volunteer sample of 40 community aged were examined by means of the FHT and MSQ. These instruments proved valuable in differentiating patients rated as confused from those rated as lucid and alert, and from the community subjects. However, each of these measures, as well as the staff ratings, produced false negative findings. Staff ratings incorrectly identified a hypochondriacal and paranoid patient as confused. The FHT scores of lucid and alert patients with some brain damage were low. MSQ scores of some poorly educated immigrants were very low, even though these patients were rated as lucid and alert by the staff and passed the FHT. One normally lucid and alert patient with a fever and an irregular rapid pulse failed both the FHT and the MSQ. Guidelines for further use of these instruments are presented.
老年期精神错乱最常见且便捷的三种测量方法是医护人员的非正式评分、面手试验（FHT）和精神状态问卷（MSQ）。通过FHT和MSQ对两个长期护理机构中的112名老年患者以及40名社区老年人志愿者样本进行了检查。这些工具在区分被评定为精神错乱的患者与被评定为清醒警觉的患者以及社区受试者方面被证明是有价值的。然而，这些测量方法中的每一种以及医护人员的评分都产生了假阴性结果。医护人员的评分错误地将一名疑病症和偏执型患者认定为精神错乱。一些有脑损伤的清醒警觉患者的FHT分数很低。一些受教育程度低的移民的MSQ分数非常低，尽管这些患者被医护人员评定为清醒警觉且通过了FHT。一名正常清醒警觉但发烧且脉搏快速不齐的患者FHT和MSQ测试均未通过。文中给出了进一步使用这些工具的指导方针。
