Worchel S, Andreoli V
J Pers Soc Psychol. 1978 May;36(5):549-56. doi: 10.1037//0022-3514.36.5.549.
It was hypothesized that actors want their perception of a target to be consistent with the type of interaction they expect. It was predicted that subjects expecting to aggress would deindividuate their target through the selective recall of deindividuating information. Conversely, subjects expecting a prosocial interaction should individuate the target. Further, angry subjects should deindividuate the individual who angered them. Male subjects were either angered or not angered by an experimental confederate and then given the opportunity to either shock, reward, or have no interaction with him. Subjects recalled information about the confederate either prior to or after the learning task. Subjects expecting to aggress deindividuated the target, whereas subjects expecting a prosocial interaction individuated him. Angry subjects deindividuated the target, nonangry subjects did not. Since the selective recall of information occurred prior to the interaction, the deindividuation (individuation) was aimed at facilitating future behavior rather than justifying it.
研究假设是，行动者希望他们对目标的认知与他们预期的互动类型一致。据预测，预期会有攻击行为的受试者会通过选择性回忆去个体化信息来使他们的目标去个体化。相反，预期有亲社会互动的受试者应该会将目标个体化。此外，愤怒的受试者应该会使激怒他们的人去个体化。男性受试者被一名实验同谋激怒或未被激怒，然后有机会电击他、奖励他或与他不进行互动。受试者在学习任务之前或之后回忆有关同谋的信息。预期会有攻击行为的受试者使目标去个体化，而预期有亲社会互动的受试者将目标个体化。愤怒的受试者使目标去个体化，不愤怒的受试者则不会。由于信息的选择性回忆发生在互动之前，去个体化（个体化）旨在促进未来的行为，而不仅仅是为之辩解。
