Paloutzian R F
J Psychol. 1975 Jul;90(2d Half):163-9. doi: 10.1080/00223980.1975.9915771.
The influence of two deindividuating variables, altered responsibility and coaction in groups, on one's tendency to deliver noxious or helpful stimulation impulsively and in a cyclical pattern to a target person was investigated in a laboratory experiment with use of 96 male and female junior college students. Analysis of variance revealed that, as hypothesized, Ss who coacted in groups of three and who had the responsibility for their behavior removed delivered noxious (but not helpful) stimuli more impulsively than Ss who worked alone and were made to feel responsible (p less than .01). Ss responded in a more cyclical pattern which delivering aversive tones than when delivering facilitating tones (p less than .005). A marginally significant finding was that Ss in groups responded in a more cyclical pattern than Ss alone only when the response was seen as aversive. It was concluded that the probability of impulsive and cyclical aggression may be increased by altered responsibility and coaction.
在一项实验室实验中，以96名男女大专学生为对象，研究了两个去个性化变量，即改变责任和群体中的共同行动，对一个人以冲动且循环的方式向目标人物施加有害或有益刺激的倾向的影响。方差分析表明，正如所假设的那样，在三人小组中共同行动且行为责任被免除的被试，比单独工作且被要求承担责任的被试更冲动地施加有害（而非有益）刺激（p小于0.01）。被试在发出厌恶音调时比发出促进音调时的反应模式更具周期性（p小于0.005）。一个边缘显著的发现是，只有当反应被视为厌恶时，群体中的被试比单独的被试反应模式更具周期性。研究得出结论，改变责任和共同行动可能会增加冲动和循环攻击的可能性。
