Zucker K J, Finegan J K, Doering R W, Bradley S J
Arch Sex Behav. 1984 Feb;13(1):27-39. doi: 10.1007/BF01542975.
Gender-referred children who met the DSM-III diagnostic criteria for gender identity disorder of childhood (n = 21) and gender-referred children who did not meet these criteria (n = 15) were compared with regard to demographic, gender role, and behavioral disturbance information. As judged by parental questionnaires and behavioral tests, the cross-gender role behavior of gender-referred children who met the DSM-III criteria was generally more extreme than that of their non-DSM-III counterparts. These two diagnostically defined subgroups did not, however, differ in the degree of their behavioral and emotional disturbance. The DSM-III children were significantly younger than the non-DSM-III children, but the extent to which the disparity in age accounted for the gender role differences appeared equivocal. The implications of these findings for the diagnosis and assessment of gender-referred children are discussed.
将符合《精神疾病诊断与统计手册第三版》（DSM - III）儿童性别认同障碍诊断标准的性别相关儿童（n = 21）与不符合这些标准的性别相关儿童（n = 15）在人口统计学、性别角色和行为障碍信息方面进行了比较。根据家长问卷和行为测试判断，符合DSM - III标准的性别相关儿童的跨性别角色行为通常比不符合DSM - III标准的儿童更为极端。然而，这两个根据诊断定义的亚组在行为和情绪障碍程度上并无差异。符合DSM - III标准的儿童明显比不符合DSM - III标准的儿童年龄小，但年龄差异在多大程度上导致了性别角色差异尚不清楚。讨论了这些发现对性别相关儿童诊断和评估的意义。
