Buchter A, Peter H, Bolt H M
Int Arch Occup Environ Health. 1984;53(4):311-9. doi: 10.1007/BF00380670.
Acute acrylonitrile intoxications are followed by loss of consciousness, convulsions, respiratory arrest, and may end fatally. Common cyanide antidotes have not proved to be effective. In previous animal experiments we could demonstrate that the cyanide antidotes show some protective effect only after oral acrylonitrile application. Only a minimal amount of inhaled acrylonitrile will be transformed into cyanide, in contrast to pharmacokinetics after oral intake. After acrylonitrile inhalation the toxic effect of the whole molecule ( cyanethylation ) is important, and sulfhydryl compounds show antidotal effects. Further animal experiments demonstrate the superior antidotal effects of N-acetyl-cysteine after acrylonitrile inhalation. Intravenous injection of N-acetyl-cysteine in high doses is recommended according to the treatment of paracetamol poisoning.
急性丙烯腈中毒会导致意识丧失、抽搐、呼吸骤停，可能致命。常见的氰化物解毒剂已被证明无效。在之前的动物实验中，我们可以证明，氰化物解毒剂仅在口服丙烯腈后显示出一定的保护作用。与口服摄入后的药代动力学相反，吸入的丙烯腈只有极少量会转化为氰化物。吸入丙烯腈后，整个分子的毒性作用（氰乙基化）很重要，巯基化合物显示出解毒作用。进一步的动物实验表明，吸入丙烯腈后N-乙酰半胱氨酸具有更好的解毒作用。根据对乙酰氨基酚中毒的治疗方法，建议大剂量静脉注射N-乙酰半胱氨酸。
