Zabludowski J, Clark S, Ball S G, Brown A J, Inglis G C, Lever A F, Murray G
Am J Physiol. 1984 May;246(5 Pt 2):H683-9. doi: 10.1152/ajpheart.1984.246.5.H683.
Plasma epinephrine may be increased in some patients with essential hypertension, and prolonged infusion of this catecholamine has been claimed to raise blood pressure. The objectives of our experiments were to determine whether continuous intravenous infusion of epinephrine raised blood pressure in a rat preparation known to respond in this way to angiotensin II in low dose and, if so, the plasma concentration of epinephrine required to raise pressure in comparison to the physiological range of plasma catecholamine concentration in the rat. Intravenous infusion of epinephrine at a rate of 400 ng X kg-1. min-1 or less for 30 min into Wistar rats did not increase mean arterial pressure (MAP); pressure did rise when the rate was increased to 800 ng X kg-1. min-1. However, when rats were given epinephrine at 400 ng X kg-1. min-1 for 4 days with continuous blood pressure recording, average MAP showed a progressive rise on successive days of infusion, reaching a maximum increase of 12 mmHg on the 4th and final day of infusion (P less than 0.02). Blood pressure did not change significantly during epinephrine infusion at 10 and 70 ng X kg-1. min-1. Plasma epinephrine was raised more than 13 times basal at the highest rate of infusion. In comparison, blood pressure and catecholamine concentrations increased only slightly although significantly during a period of restraint. We confirm the existence of a slowly developing pressor effect of epinephrine, but it is small and requires a large sustained increase of plasma epinephrine for its development.
在一些原发性高血压患者中，血浆肾上腺素水平可能会升高，并且有人声称持续输注这种儿茶酚胺会升高血压。我们实验的目的是确定在已知对低剂量血管紧张素 II 有这种反应的大鼠制备中，持续静脉输注肾上腺素是否会升高血压，如果会，与大鼠血浆儿茶酚胺浓度的生理范围相比，升高血压所需的肾上腺素血浆浓度是多少。以 400 ng·kg⁻¹·min⁻¹ 或更低的速率静脉输注肾上腺素 30 分钟，对 Wistar 大鼠的平均动脉压（MAP）没有影响；当速率增加到 800 ng·kg⁻¹·min⁻¹ 时，血压确实升高了。然而，当以 400 ng·kg⁻¹·min⁻¹ 的速率给大鼠输注肾上腺素 4 天并持续记录血压时，平均 MAP 在连续输注的几天中逐渐升高，在输注的第 4 天也是最后一天达到最大升高 12 mmHg（P 小于 0.02）。以 10 和 70 ng·kg⁻¹·min⁻¹ 的速率输注肾上腺素期间，血压没有显著变化。在最高输注速率下，血浆肾上腺素比基础水平升高了 13 倍以上。相比之下，在约束期间，血压和儿茶酚胺浓度仅略有增加，尽管有显著变化。我们证实了肾上腺素存在缓慢发展的升压作用，但这种作用很小，并且其发展需要血浆肾上腺素持续大幅升高。
