Beauchemin R R, Gartner L P, Provenza D V
Anat Anz. 1984;155(1-5):17-28.
A pattern of malformations described as the "fetal alcohol syndrome" (FAS), observed in the progeny of chronic alcoholic women, has been recently reported (Jones et al. 1973). Laboratory investigations in this area have focused primarily on the development of animal models which mimic the syndrome (Randall 1977; Chernoff 1977). In the present investigation, a single, intraperitoneal injection of an alcohol solution (0.03 ml/gm body weight of a 25% solution of 95% ethanol) was administered on day 10 of gestation to pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats. Fetuses were recovered on day 18 of gestation and examined for external malformations. Subsequent to standard fixation procedures utilizing Bouin's fixative, the tissues were serially sectioned at 8 micron and stained with hematoxylin and eosin. External malformations were infrequent in the experimental fetuses consisting of adactyly , wrinkled skin, and gastroschisis. Histological examination, however, revealed severe umbilical hernias and interatrial-septal defect in the experimental fetuses. The interatrial-septal defect was of the ostium secundum type and occurred in 41% of the offspring of the treated animals. It was not present in the control fetuses. This type of defect is recognized by the lack of a complete septum primum in the septal wall, permitting complete communication of the two atria at the level of the foramen ovale. The septum secundum usually remained intact.
近期有报道称，在慢性酗酒女性的后代中观察到一种被描述为“胎儿酒精综合征”（FAS）的畸形模式（琼斯等人，1973年）。该领域的实验室研究主要集中在开发模拟该综合征的动物模型（兰德尔，1977年；切尔诺夫，1977年）。在本研究中，于妊娠第10天给怀孕的斯普拉格-道利大鼠腹腔注射一次酒精溶液（0.03毫升/克体重的95%乙醇的25%溶液）。在妊娠第18天取出胎儿并检查外部畸形。在使用布安氏固定液进行标准固定程序后，将组织切成8微米的连续切片，并用苏木精和伊红染色。实验胎儿中外部畸形较少见，包括无指（趾）畸形、皮肤褶皱和腹裂。然而，组织学检查显示实验胎儿存在严重的脐疝和房间隔缺损。房间隔缺损为继发孔型，在接受治疗动物的后代中有41%出现。对照胎儿中未出现这种缺损。这种类型的缺损表现为间隔壁中原始隔不完整，使得卵圆孔水平的两个心房完全相通。继发隔通常保持完整。
