Wagener J S, Hibbert M E, Landau L I
Am Rev Respir Dis. 1984 May;129(5):873-5. doi: 10.1164/arrd.1984.129.5.873.
Maximal inspiratory ( PImax ) and expiratory ( PEmax ) pressures were measured 7 separate times during 1 month in 40 children (13 males and 27 females, 101 to 208 months of age). After an initial period of learning, the Pimax for 20 repeated efforts was 11.1 +/- 2.4 kPa and the PEmax was 14.0 +/- 3.6 kPa. Mean values for the 20 efforts were 83% of PImax and 84% of PEmax . Individual coefficient of variation was 10% for PImax and 11% for PEmax . Postpubertal boys had higher pressures than did girls, primarily related to their greater muscle area. Pressures correlated with upper arm muscle area in both sexes and with age and height in boys. The PEmax was lower in these children than in previously reported normal adults, probably because of less muscle development. The PImax was similar to adult values, suggesting that a factor in addition to muscle strength influences inspiratory pressures in children.
在1个月内，对40名儿童（13名男性和27名女性，年龄在101至208个月之间）进行了7次最大吸气压力（PImax）和最大呼气压力（PEmax）测量。经过初始学习阶段后，20次重复努力的PImax为11.1±2.4千帕，PEmax为14.0±3.6千帕。这20次努力的平均值分别为PImax的83%和PEmax的84%。PImax的个体变异系数为10%，PEmax为11%。青春期后的男孩压力高于女孩，主要与其更大的肌肉面积有关。压力在两性中均与上臂肌肉面积相关，在男孩中还与年龄和身高相关。这些儿童的PEmax低于先前报道的正常成年人，可能是因为肌肉发育较少。PImax与成人值相似，表明除肌肉力量外，还有一个因素影响儿童的吸气压力。
