Sawka M N, Levine L, Kolka M A, Appleton B S, Joyce B E, Pandolf K B
Fundam Appl Toxicol. 1984 Apr;4(2 Pt 2):S190-4. doi: 10.1016/0272-0590(84)90152-0.
This paper summarizes the findings from two recent studies involving the physiological effects of atropine (0 to 4 mg, im) on soldiers performing physical exercise in hot-dry environments. Study I determined the threshold of physiological effects and the gradation of these effects with increasing dosage of atropine. Study II examined the effects of exercise-heat acclimation on the reduced physical exercise performance that occurs following atropine administration. The following new observations were made: (1) a 0.5-mg dose of atropine elevates heart rate, rectal temperature, and mean skin temperature; (2) atropine exerts its peak physiological effects approximately 70 min after intramuscular injection; (3) within the dosage levels tested, the magnitude of the elevated heart rate response is curvilinearly related to atropine dosage, whereas, the magnitude of the elevated rectal temperature response is linearly related to atropine dosage; (4) repeated administration of atropine over a number of days does not alter thermo-regulatory responses; (5) heat acclimation improves exercise-heat performance of individuals under the influence of atropine by enabling a reduced rectal temperature; and (6) heat acclimation increases the sweat output of individuals under the influence of atropine; however, the absolute reduction in sweat output from atropine is the same pre-and post-heat acclimation.
本文总结了最近两项研究的结果，这两项研究涉及阿托品（0至4毫克，肌肉注射）对在炎热干燥环境中进行体育锻炼的士兵的生理影响。研究I确定了生理效应的阈值以及随着阿托品剂量增加这些效应的分级。研究II考察了运动热适应对阿托品给药后出现的体育锻炼表现下降的影响。得出了以下新的观察结果：（1）0.5毫克剂量的阿托品会提高心率、直肠温度和平均皮肤温度；（2）阿托品在肌肉注射后约70分钟发挥其最大生理效应；（3）在所测试的剂量水平范围内，心率升高反应的幅度与阿托品剂量呈曲线相关，而直肠温度升高反应的幅度与阿托品剂量呈线性相关；（4）连续数天重复给予阿托品不会改变体温调节反应；（5）热适应通过降低直肠温度来改善受阿托品影响的个体的运动热表现；（6）热适应会增加受阿托品影响的个体的出汗量；然而，热适应前后阿托品导致的出汗量绝对减少量是相同的。
