Casswell S, Gordon A
J Stud Alcohol. 1984 Mar;45(2):144-8. doi: 10.15288/jsa.1984.45.144.
The self-reported alcohol consumption of various occupational groups in New Zealand is examined. A sample of 10,000, representative of the general adult population, was questioned in 1978-1979. Only data on men (N = 5000) are considered in the present study. Various occupations and groups of occupations are ranked on several variables of frequency and quantity of drinking. The interrelationships of these variables and the working conditions related to them are discussed. There is an association between drinking pattern and general social class, but 61% of the specific occupational groups form a cluster in the range of 25-60 ml of absolute alcohol consumed on one or two occasions per week. The extreme positions on drinking variables of specific occupational groups is examined in terms of job characteristics. Most of the correlations are very low; drinking at work is the highest. The relationships can best be described in terms of the social class of the occupational groups and the frequency vs quantity dichotomy. The distribution of the social classes in terms of drinking intensity is discussed. Employment in the lower classes is related to lower frequency and higher quantity of drinking, and higher cirrhosis mortality. Overall, social class appears to be a more important indicator than occupational group or drinking pattern.
本文研究了新西兰不同职业群体自我报告的饮酒情况。1978年至1979年期间，对10000名具有一般成年人口代表性的样本进行了询问。本研究仅考虑男性数据（N = 5000）。根据饮酒频率和饮酒量的几个变量，对各种职业和职业群体进行了排名。讨论了这些变量之间的相互关系以及与之相关的工作条件。饮酒模式与一般社会阶层之间存在关联，但61%的特定职业群体在每周一两次饮用25 - 60毫升纯酒精的范围内形成一个集群。根据工作特征对特定职业群体在饮酒变量上的极端情况进行了研究。大多数相关性非常低；工作时饮酒的相关性最高。这些关系最好根据职业群体的社会阶层以及频率与量的二分法来描述。讨论了社会阶层在饮酒强度方面的分布。较低阶层的就业与较低的饮酒频率、较高的饮酒量以及较高的肝硬化死亡率相关。总体而言，社会阶层似乎比职业群体或饮酒模式更重要的指标。
