Furnham A, Lowick V
Soc Sci Med. 1984;18(8):673-81. doi: 10.1016/0277-9536(84)90296-x.
Research on smoking has found actor-observer differences in the attributions of addictions. Non-smokers were much more likely to label the average smoker as addicted than the smokers were prepared to label themselves as such. This study sought to determine whether the findings from the studies on smokers generalized to those drinking alcohol. Subjects, who were classified as heavy, moderate, light and non-drinkers on the basis of their self-reported weakly consumption, completed a questionnaire. Results showed that although there were some similarities between findings on the attribution of smoking and drinking, drinkers were less concerned about stopping drinking and less likely to label themselves as addicted. The results were discussed in terms of lay beliefs about the health factors related to drinking.
关于吸烟的研究发现，在成瘾归因方面存在行动者-观察者差异。与吸烟者愿意给自己贴上成瘾标签相比，非吸烟者更有可能将普通吸烟者视为成瘾者。本研究旨在确定关于吸烟者的研究结果是否适用于饮酒者。根据自我报告的每周饮酒量将受试者分为重度、中度、轻度饮酒者和不饮酒者，他们完成了一份问卷。结果表明，虽然在吸烟和饮酒的归因研究结果之间存在一些相似之处，但饮酒者对戒酒的担忧较少，也不太可能给自己贴上成瘾的标签。研究结果根据人们对与饮酒相关的健康因素的一般看法进行了讨论。
