Pauca A L, Savage R T, Simpson S, Roy R C
Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 1984 Apr;28(2):138-43. doi: 10.1111/j.1399-6576.1984.tb02029.x.
One hundred consecutive patients who shivered following general or regional anesthesia and a surgical procedure were randomly treated with 25 mg pethidine, 2.5 mg morphine, 25 micrograms fentanyl or sodium chloride 0.9%, given in equal intravenous volumes over a 15-min period. The effects were evaluated every 5 min after the first injection. There was a spontaneous, time-related disappearance of shivering in the sodium chloride-treated patients. In the pethidine-treated group, shivering disappeared more than twice as fast as in the control group. The difference was highly significant at 15 and 20 min (P less than 0.001) and was unrelated to weight, body temperature or duration of anesthesia. Women responded sooner than men, reaching significance at 10 min (P less than 0.05), while men did so only at 20 min. Morphine or fentanyl had no effect. Nausea and vomiting were minimal and of equal incidence in narcotic- and placebo-treated patients.
连续100例在全身或区域麻醉及外科手术后出现寒战的患者，被随机给予25毫克哌替啶、2.5毫克吗啡、25微克芬太尼或0.9%氯化钠，在15分钟内以相等的静脉注射量给药。首次注射后每5分钟评估一次效果。在接受氯化钠治疗的患者中，寒战会自然且与时间相关地消失。在哌替啶治疗组中，寒战消失的速度比对照组快两倍多。在15分钟和20分钟时差异非常显著（P<0.001），且与体重、体温或麻醉持续时间无关。女性比男性反应更快，在10分钟时达到显著差异（P<0.05），而男性在20分钟时才达到显著差异。吗啡或芬太尼无效果。恶心和呕吐很少见，在接受麻醉剂和安慰剂治疗的患者中发生率相同。
