Greater awareness of the morbid condition in severe asthma attacks would decrease the still considerable number of deaths which occur in otherwise fit, young asthmatics. Failure to recognise serious attacks in time may be due to the presumption that the disorder is one of bronchoconstriction. More dangerous is the hyperaemia and exudation of plasma into the bronchial lumen where it mixes with mucus to form plugs. Bronchial epithelium damaged during an attack may take weeks to regenerate, increasing the risk from another attack. Patients should be instructed to consult a doctor when expected bronchodilator relief decreases in either degree or duration.
提高对严重哮喘发作时病态状况的认识,将减少在其他方面健康的年轻哮喘患者中仍相当数量的死亡。未能及时识别严重发作可能是由于假定该病症是支气管收缩之一。更危险的是血浆充血和渗出到支气管腔内,在那里它与黏液混合形成栓子。发作期间受损的支气管上皮可能需要数周才能再生,增加了再次发作的风险。当预期的支气管扩张剂缓解在程度或持续时间上降低时,应指导患者咨询医生。