Wasylenki D A
Can J Psychiatry. 1984 Jun;29(4):295-301. doi: 10.1177/070674378402900403.
Freud described work as that which attaches the individual most firmly to reality. Many patients present to psychiatrists with disturbances in the capacity to work. This paper reviews common psychodynamic constellations in such patients in the belief that depth psychological approaches should complement recent person-environment fit considerations. Work inhibitions may arise from repressed aggression and/or sexuality displaced onto occupational tasks. Fear of success may be rooted in both oedipal and pre-oedipal conflicts. Work compulsion may evince attempts to appease a harsh super-ego. Chronic job dissatisfaction often arises from maladaptive attempts to regulate self-esteem. More importantly however, these disturbances frequently arise from interacting dynamic factors which must be carefully attended to by clinicians.
弗洛伊德将工作描述为最能使个体与现实紧密相连的事物。许多患者因工作能力障碍而前来就诊于精神科医生。本文回顾了这类患者常见的心理动力结构，认为深度心理学方法应补充近期关于人境适配的考量。工作抑制可能源于被压抑的攻击性和/或转移到职业任务上的性驱力。对成功的恐惧可能根植于俄狄浦斯冲突和前俄狄浦斯冲突。强迫性工作可能表现为试图安抚严苛的超我。长期的工作不满往往源于调节自尊的适应不良尝试。然而，更重要的是，这些障碍常常源于相互作用的动态因素，临床医生必须仔细留意这些因素。
