Gunnar M R, Senior K, Hartup W W
Child Dev. 1984 Jun;55(3):1103-9.
20 18- and 20 30-month-old children were observed in a situation requiring separation from the mother in order to play with attractive toys. An agemate was present for half the children but not the others. Peer presence facilitated leaving the mother and entering the playroom at both ages. Among 18-month-olds, the presence of the peer also shortened play bouts, increased unoccupied/self-solace behavior, and increased contact maintenance with the mother. Among 30-month-olds, however, the peer's presence did not have these effects. these children engaged in increased coordinate social interaction with the other child. Developmental changes occurring in the second and third year thus include the increased salience of agemates in supporting separation from the mother and exploration of the environment in the context of sustained social interaction.
研究观察了20名18个月大的儿童和20名30个月大的儿童，让他们在一种需要与母亲分离以便玩有趣玩具的情境中。对一半的儿童，有一个同龄伙伴在场，另一半则没有。同龄伙伴的在场促使两个年龄段的儿童都离开母亲并进入游戏室。在18个月大的儿童中，同龄伙伴的在场还缩短了玩耍时间，增加了无所事事/自我安慰行为，以及与母亲的接触维持。然而，在30个月大的儿童中，同龄伙伴的在场并没有这些影响。这些儿童与另一个孩子进行了更多的协调性社会互动。因此，在第二年和第三年出现的发育变化包括同龄伙伴在支持与母亲分离以及在持续社会互动背景下探索环境方面的重要性增加。
