Dahlquist G, Wall S, Ivarsson J I, Sterky G, Tengvald K
Int J Epidemiol. 1984 Jun;13(2):221-8. doi: 10.1093/ije/13.2.221.
This report compares the value of a diary, and telephone interviews covering either the previous 24 hours or the previous week as methods of collecting data from young families on perceived health problems and the measures taken to deal with them. The population of 310 families was randomly divided into three groups. The study design allowed the evaluation of both qualitative and quantitative aspects of the different methods. For each individual a health problem was perceived every four days and care for health problems was reported every six days. The frequency of participation was highest in the 24-hour recall group. In the diary group a weekly telephone call elicited a higher compliance than a weekly letter of reminder. In spite of a higher reporting of symptoms in the diaries the relative number of measures taken was greater in the two recall groups. When comparing the information obtained by one-week recalls with that of 24-hour recalls it was found that the risk of forgetting a perceived symptom or measure taken was low but the risk of overreporting symptom days may increase with time. The distribution of symptoms in eight main categories was equal as reported by the different methods. The cost for the investigator per individual day covered was more expensive when using the 24-hour recall method compared to the diary method.
本报告比较了日记法、涵盖前24小时或前一周情况的电话访谈法作为从年轻家庭收集有关感知到的健康问题及应对措施数据的方法的价值。310个家庭的样本被随机分为三组。该研究设计能够对不同方法的定性和定量方面进行评估。每个个体每四天会察觉到一个健康问题，每六天会报告针对健康问题所采取的护理措施。24小时回忆组的参与频率最高。在日记组中，每周一次的电话提醒比每周一封提醒信能带来更高的依从性。尽管日记中报告的症状更多，但两个回忆组所采取措施的相对数量更大。当比较一周回忆法和24小时回忆法所获得的信息时发现，忘记已察觉到的症状或已采取措施的风险较低，但随着时间推移，症状天数报告过多的风险可能会增加。不同方法报告的八个主要症状类别分布相同。与日记法相比，采用24小时回忆法时，调查人员每天覆盖每个个体的成本更高。
