Beá J, Hernández V
Int J Psychoanal. 1984;65 ( Pt 2):141-53.
We have focused this paper on an attempt to examine the process occurring in the transformations which Alonso Quijano undergoes when becoming Don Quixote as an expression of his disturbance, and the evolution at work during his travels to dissipate his grandiose narcissism by means of a cure of humiliation which makes him humble and able to recognize dependence and internal conflicts, finally culminating in the working through of the depressive position and the resolution of the prior schizo-paranoid phase just before his death. The disturbances of Alonso Quijano begin when he is faced with the anxieties provoked by approaching old age and death. The internal conflict over not-worked through mournings may lead to making reparations and to the stimulus of creativity and towards maturity. Badly resolved, it progresses to involutive psychosis which may result in psychotic destruction. Cervantes creates a 'hero' whom he treats in humorous and tragicomic ways, a hero who rises regressively from his unresolved Oedipus conflict, and with the traits of a grandiose self and with the need to 'repair' the projected image, deforming reality and at the same time being slowly obliged to take it into account.
在本文中，我们聚焦于探究阿隆索·吉哈诺转变为堂吉诃德这一过程中所发生的情况，将其视为他精神错乱的一种表现；同时还关注他在游历期间的演变，即通过一种屈辱疗法来消除其夸张的自恋，这种疗法使他变得谦逊，能够认识到自身的依赖和内心冲突，最终在抑郁状态的化解以及临终前先前精神分裂偏执阶段的解决中达到顶点。阿隆索·吉哈诺的精神错乱始于他面临因老年和死亡临近所引发的焦虑之时。未得到妥善处理的哀悼引发的内心冲突，可能会促使他做出弥补，激发创造力并走向成熟。若处理不当，就会发展为退行性精神病，进而可能导致精神性破坏。塞万提斯塑造了一个以幽默和悲喜剧方式来刻画的“英雄”，这个英雄从他未解决的俄狄浦斯冲突中退行性地崛起，具有夸张自我的特质，且有“修复”投射形象的需求，扭曲现实的同时又逐渐被迫考虑现实。
