Lipson S F, Katz J L
J Biomech. 1984;17(4):231-40. doi: 10.1016/0021-9290(84)90134-9.
The relationship between the structure of bone on the microscopic level and its mechanical properties was investigated by comparing bovine cortical bone of two microstructural types. Measurements of elastic properties were made in three orthogonal directions on specimens of plexiform and Haversian bone, taken from the same level of the same bone, using extensional wave ultrasonic techniques. Differences in Young's modulus of elasticity measured in the three directions correspond to observed structural differences; plexiform bone is anisotropic, while Haversian bone appears to be transversely isotropic. The pattern of distribution of the two structural types within different aspects of the same bovine femur suggests that the level of osteonal remodeling is related to the pattern of mechanical stress, especially due to muscular activity, in the bone. This may occur because Haversian remodeling is stimulated by microcracks in regions of high stress and/or repeated stress cycles, thus replacing fatigue-damaged bone and preventing failure.
通过比较两种微观结构类型的牛皮质骨，研究了微观层面骨结构与其力学性能之间的关系。使用拉伸波超声技术，在取自同一根骨头同一水平的丛状骨和哈弗斯骨标本的三个正交方向上测量弹性性能。在三个方向上测得的杨氏弹性模量差异与观察到的结构差异相对应；丛状骨是各向异性的，而哈弗斯骨似乎是横观各向同性的。在同一牛股骨不同部位两种结构类型的分布模式表明，骨单位重塑水平与骨中机械应力模式有关，尤其是与肌肉活动引起的机械应力模式有关。这可能是因为在高应力区域和/或反复应力循环中，微裂纹会刺激哈弗斯骨重塑，从而替换疲劳损伤的骨并防止骨失效。
