Elwood P C, Gallacher J E, Phillips K M, Davies B E, Toothill C
Nature. 1984;310(5973):138-40. doi: 10.1038/310138a0.
Concern about the levels of lead in blood is widespread. There is uncertainty, however, about the relative importance of the various environmental sources. Lead in petrol is widely assumed to be one of the most important sources and air and dust have been identified as the main routes to man. Water is regarded as an important source in areas with a plumbosolvent water supply, but of little or no importance in other areas. In order to evaluate the contribution to blood lead by various environmental sources, we have conducted surveys of random samples of women in areas of Wales chosen to represent very different levels of exposure to traffic. We report here that lead in air makes a small, but significant, contribution to blood lead but there is no evidence of any contribution from dust. Although in none of the areas were high levels of lead detected in water, water emerges as an important contributor to blood lead.
对血液中铅含量的担忧普遍存在。然而，各种环境来源的相对重要性尚不确定。汽油中的铅被广泛认为是最重要的来源之一，空气和灰尘已被确定为进入人体的主要途径。在有铅溶剂供水的地区，水被视为一个重要来源，但在其他地区则几乎没有或没有重要性。为了评估各种环境来源对血铅的贡献，我们对威尔士不同地区的女性随机样本进行了调查，这些地区代表了不同程度的交通暴露水平。我们在此报告，空气中的铅对血铅有微小但显著的贡献，但没有证据表明灰尘有任何贡献。尽管在所有地区的水中都未检测到高含量的铅，但水却是血铅的一个重要贡献因素。
