Schaeffer M A, Baum A
Psychosom Med. 1984 May-Jun;46(3):227-37. doi: 10.1097/00006842-198405000-00005.
The present study examined the relationship between biochemical, psychologic, and behavioral components of chronic stress associated with living near the damaged nuclear power plant at Three Mile Island (TMI). Relative to control subjects, TMI subjects had higher levels of urinary cortisol, which correlated significantly with urinary catecholamines, self-report of physical and mental symptoms, and decrements in task performance. Further, it was found that males had higher urinary cortisol levels than females at TMI, while at the control sites, levels of cortisol were comparable between males and females. Finally, no significant relationship between coping style and urinary cortisol was detected. Levels of stress response among TMI are residents, though significantly greater than control subjects, were within normal ranges and thus should be considered subclinical in intensity. Their persistence over 17 months, however, suggests some cause for concern.
本研究调查了与居住在三里岛受损核电站附近相关的慢性应激的生化、心理和行为成分之间的关系。与对照组相比，三里岛的受试者尿皮质醇水平更高，这与尿儿茶酚胺、身心症状的自我报告以及任务表现的下降显著相关。此外，研究发现三里岛的男性尿皮质醇水平高于女性，而在对照地点，男性和女性的皮质醇水平相当。最后，未检测到应对方式与尿皮质醇之间存在显著关系。三里岛居民的应激反应水平虽然明显高于对照组，但仍在正常范围内，因此在强度上应被视为亚临床水平。然而，它们持续了17个月，这表明有些令人担忧的原因。
