Berger J R, Sheremata W A, Melamed E
Arch Neurol. 1984 Jul;41(7):747-50. doi: 10.1001/archneur.1984.04050180069020.
Paroxysmal dystonia was the initial manifestation of multiple sclerosis (MS) in eight patients. The disorder was generally characterized by dystonic posturing of unilateral extremities, averaging less than one minute in duration. Facial grimacing and dysarthria occurred in two of the eight patients. This paroxysmal phenomenon was frequently the cause of diagnostic confusion. The time elapsing before other neurological symptoms of MS developed was as long as ten years.
阵发性肌张力障碍是8例多发性硬化症（MS）患者的首发表现。该病症通常表现为单侧肢体的肌张力障碍姿势，持续时间平均不到1分钟。8例患者中有2例出现面部抽搐和构音障碍。这种阵发性现象常常导致诊断混淆。MS的其他神经症状出现之前的时间长达10年。
