Shah U, Pratinidhi A K, Bhatlawande P V
J Epidemiol Community Health. 1984 Jun;38(2):138-42. doi: 10.1136/jech.38.2.138.
Early neonatal mortality is unacceptably high in most developing countries. A large majority of births in rural areas of these countries occur at home, attended by relatives or traditional birth attendants and without easy access to skilled professional care. Under these circumstances cause of death has to be based on lay descriptions of terminal events. Analysis of cause of death shows that 74% of the early neonatal deaths are amenable to intervention. Admittance to hospital of the "at risk" neonates is not practicable. Intervention through primary health care can be effective if based on scientific principles and offered through female community health workers. Objectives of domiciliary care given by these workers should be to educate and guide the mother to protect the delicate newborn from the effects of adverse environmental conditions, to ensure adequate nutrition, and to prevent infections. Interventions supporting beneficial traditional cultural practices as well as simple techniques for care of the newborn are discussed.
在大多数发展中国家，早期新生儿死亡率高得令人难以接受。这些国家农村地区的绝大多数分娩在家中进行，由亲属或传统助产士接生，难以获得专业的熟练护理。在这种情况下，死亡原因必须基于对临终事件的非专业描述。死因分析表明，74%的早期新生儿死亡可以通过干预避免。让“高危”新生儿住院并不可行。如果基于科学原则并通过女性社区卫生工作者提供，通过初级卫生保健进行干预可能会有效。这些工作人员提供的家庭护理目标应该是教育和指导母亲保护脆弱的新生儿免受不利环境条件的影响，确保充足的营养，并预防感染。文中还讨论了支持有益传统文化习俗以及新生儿护理简单技术的干预措施。
