Gaesser G A, Rich R G
Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1984 Jun;16(3):269-74.
Sixteen non-obese, non-smoking males, ages 20-30 yr, were assigned to one of two training groups, exercising on a cycle ergometer 3 d/wk for 18 wk: high-intensity (H; N = 7; 80-85% Vo2max, 25 min/session) or low-intensity (L; N = 9; 45% VO2max, 50/min/session). Data were obtained at 3-wk intervals for Vo2max, body weight, percent body fat, and 12-h fasting blood levels of cholesterol (CHOL), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). The average post-training increase in VO2max for group H (0.56 l X min-1, 8.5 ml X min-1 X kg-1) was not significantly (P greater than 0.05) greater than for group L (0.45 l X min-1, 6.5 ml X min-1 X kg-1). Significant reductions in percent body fat occurred in both groups, amounting to an average fat loss of approximately 1.35 kg. No statistically significant changes in CHOL, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C, CHOL/HDL-C, or HDL-C/LDL-C occurred in either group. However, changes in HDL-C after 18 wk of training were inversely correlated (r = -0.57, P less than 0.05) with pre-training levels. We conclude that 1) the minimum exercise training-intensity threshold for improving aerobic capacity is at least 45% Vo2max; 2) 18 wk of high- or low-intensity exercise training is ineffective in significantly altering CHOL, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C, CHOL/HDL-C, and HDL-C/LDL-C in young male subjects with low blood lipid levels, and 3) exercise training-induced changes in HDL-C are dependent upon initial pre-training levels.
16名年龄在20至30岁之间的非肥胖、不吸烟男性被分配到两个训练组之一，每周3天在自行车测力计上锻炼18周：高强度组（H组；N = 7；80 - 85%最大摄氧量，每次训练25分钟）或低强度组（L组；N = 9；45%最大摄氧量，每分钟50次）。每隔3周获取一次最大摄氧量、体重、体脂百分比以及12小时空腹血胆固醇（CHOL）、甘油三酯（TG）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL - C）和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL - C）的数据。H组训练后最大摄氧量的平均增加量（0.56升/分钟，8.5毫升/分钟/千克）并不显著（P > 0.05）高于L组（0.45升/分钟，6.5毫升/分钟/千克）。两组的体脂百分比均显著降低，平均脂肪减少量约为1.35千克。两组的CHOL、TG、HDL - C、LDL - C、CHOL/HDL - C或HDL - C/LDL - C均未发生统计学上的显著变化。然而，训练18周后HDL - C的变化与训练前水平呈负相关（r = -0.57，P < 0.05）。我们得出结论：1）提高有氧能力的最低运动训练强度阈值至少为45%最大摄氧量；2）18周的高强度或低强度运动训练对血脂水平较低的年轻男性受试者的CHOL、TG、HDL - C、LDL - C、CHOL/HDL - C和HDL - C/LDL - C没有显著改变，并且3）运动训练引起的HDL - C变化取决于训练前的初始水平。
