Cantor K P
Environ Health Perspect. 1982 Dec;46:187-95. doi: 10.1289/ehp.8246187.
Concern has recently been voiced over possible chronic toxicity associated with chlorination of public drinking water supplies in the United States. This paper reviews the available evidence and the studies underway to further evaluate hypothesized associations between cancer risk and byproducts of chlorination. Preliminary data from measures of halogenated volatiles and personal exposure histories from respondents in a large epidemiologic study of bladder cancer are presented. These data support the use in epidemiologic studies of categorical measures of exposure and suggest that results from completed case-control studies, based on death certificates, may have underestimated the true risk of exposure to chlorination by-products. The current generation of studies which use a case-control interview design offer many advantages over earlier efforts to evaluate this issue.
最近，人们对美国公共饮用水供应氯化处理可能产生的慢性毒性表示担忧。本文回顾了现有证据以及正在进行的研究，以进一步评估癌症风险与氯化副产物之间的假设关联。文中展示了一项大型膀胱癌流行病学研究中卤化挥发物测量的初步数据以及受访者的个人暴露史。这些数据支持在流行病学研究中使用暴露的分类测量方法，并表明基于死亡证明的已完成病例对照研究结果可能低估了接触氯化副产物的真实风险。当前采用病例对照访谈设计的这一代研究相较于早期评估该问题的努力具有许多优势。
