Mossman K L, Hill L T
Obstet Gynecol. 1982 Aug;60(2):237-42.
A major contraindication of radiodiagnostic procedures is pregnancy. Approximately 1% of all pregnant women are given abdominal x-rays during the first trimester of pregnancy. Evaluation of radiation exposure should involve consideration of the types of examinations performed and when performed, as well as radiation dose and risk estimation. This information is then weighed against other possible risks of the pregnancy as well as personal factors. In the authors' experiences, radiation exposures usually result in doses to the embryo of less than 5 cGy (rad); the resulting radiation risks are usually small compared with other risks of pregnancy. Procedures to minimize diagnostic x-ray exposure of the fetus are also discussed.
放射诊断程序的一个主要禁忌症是怀孕。在所有孕妇中，约有1%在妊娠头三个月接受了腹部X光检查。对辐射暴露的评估应考虑所进行检查的类型、检查时间，以及辐射剂量和风险估计。然后将这些信息与妊娠的其他可能风险以及个人因素进行权衡。根据作者的经验，辐射暴露通常导致胚胎所受剂量小于5厘戈瑞（拉德）；与妊娠的其他风险相比，由此产生的辐射风险通常较小。文中还讨论了将胎儿的诊断性X光暴露降至最低的程序。
