[Cytogenetic study of preleukemic phases and of acute leukemia secondary to chemo-and/or radiotherapy. Review of the literature (102 cases)].

A review of the literature upon 102 cases with cytogenetic study of preleukemic states (Prel.) and/or acute secondary leukemia (ASL) following chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy treatment has been made. The karyotype was almost always abnormal (91%) of cases). There was a predominance of hypodiploidy with abnormalities including chromosome number 5 (-5 ou 5q-) and/or number 7 (7- or 7q-) (chromosomes studied with banding). The abnormalities were present in preleukemia state. The pattern of the acute secondary leukemia was particularly different from that acute leukemia de novo: high frequency of preleukemia state, ANLL type of leukemia, very bad prognosis, importance of cytogenetic abnormalities. There was a great interest in the study of the karyotype for the previous detection in ASL: this allowed their discovery as soon as the preleukemia state.