短杆菌肽的生物学功能：对RNA聚合酶的选择性抑制
Biological function of gramicidin: selective inhibition of RNA polymerase.
作者信息
Sarkar N, Langley D, Paulus H
出版信息
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1977 Apr;74(4):1478-82. doi: 10.1073/pnas.74.4.1478.
Abstract
This paper describes a novel biochemical effect of gramicidin, a class of peptide antibiotics produced by Bacillus brevis during the transition from vegetative growth to sporulation. Gramicidin inhibits RNA synthesis by purified RNA polymerase (nucleosidetriphosphate:RNA nucleotidyl-transferase, EC 2.7.7.6) by interfering with the binding of RNA polymerase to DNA. This effect seems to involve the destabilization of the "open" RNA polymerase-DNA complex, a mode of action consistent with the control of promoter selection. Selectivity in the inhibition of RNA synthesis by gramicidin is observed when transcription is partially blocked by low levels of actinomycin D. Since the inhibition of RNA synthesis by gramicidin is obtained in a highly purified system devoid of membranes, it must be distinct from the ionophoretic activity of the antibiotic. It is possible that this new mode of action reflects the function of gramicidin during bacterial sporulation.
摘要
本文描述了短杆菌肽的一种新的生化效应，短杆菌肽是一种由短短芽孢杆菌在从营养生长向孢子形成转变过程中产生的肽类抗生素。短杆菌肽通过干扰RNA聚合酶与DNA的结合来抑制纯化的RNA聚合酶（核苷三磷酸：RNA核苷酸转移酶，EC 2.7.7.6）的RNA合成。这种效应似乎涉及“开放”的RNA聚合酶-DNA复合物的不稳定，这是一种与启动子选择控制相一致的作用模式。当低水平的放线菌素D部分阻断转录时，可观察到短杆菌肽对RNA合成抑制的选择性。由于短杆菌肽对RNA合成的抑制是在一个高度纯化且无膜的系统中获得的，因此它一定与该抗生素的离子载体活性不同。这种新的作用模式可能反映了短杆菌肽在细菌孢子形成过程中的功能。
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