Soost H J
Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd. 1982 Dec;42(12):899-902. doi: 10.1055/s-2008-1037183.
Carcinoma of the endometrium has not only seen a relative increase compared to carcinoma of the cervix in the last few decades but also an absolute increase. The only method to improve the cyto-morphological detection of endometrial carcinoma is to obtain the cytological material from the site of the disease which is the uterine cavity. For this purpose a large number of devices were developed within the past 10 years. These permit an approximately 90% detection rate by endometrial cytology. It may be difficult to introduce instruments into the uterine cavity of older women with a narrow cervical canal. Even well experienced cytologists have to relearn the evaluation of cyto-smears from the uterine cavity. The recognition of highly differentiated carcinomas and atypical hyperplasias of the endometrium is especially difficult. Screening examinations of women over age 45 by endometrial cytology from the uterine cavity area apparently capable of detecting a fairly large number of asymptomatic endometrial carcinomas. How far the intra-uterine cytology is capable of detecting pre-cancerous conditions of the endometrium such as atypical glandular hyperplasia is still not known.
在过去几十年中，子宫内膜癌不仅相较于宫颈癌出现了相对增长，而且出现了绝对增长。提高子宫内膜癌细胞形态学检测的唯一方法是从疾病发生部位即子宫腔获取细胞学材料。为此，在过去10年中研发了大量设备。这些设备通过子宫内膜细胞学检查的检出率约为90%。对于宫颈管狭窄的老年女性，将器械插入子宫腔可能会有困难。即使是经验丰富的细胞学家也必须重新学习对来自子宫腔的细胞涂片进行评估。识别高分化子宫内膜癌和非典型增生尤其困难。对45岁以上女性进行子宫腔区域的子宫内膜细胞学筛查，显然能够检测出相当数量的无症状子宫内膜癌。子宫内细胞学检查能够检测到子宫内膜癌前病变（如非典型腺性增生）的程度仍不清楚。
